Collecting vintage gas pumps, also known as petroliana, is a niche but rapidly growing hobby that brings together history, automotive culture, and Americana. These once-functional relics of the early to mid-20th century serve as reminders of the golden age of road travel, the rise of car culture, and the evolution of the gas station industry. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just starting out, this guide will offer insights into the world of gas pump collecting, from identifying different types and eras to tips for finding and restoring these unique artifacts.
Gas pumps are not just functional objects; they are pieces of art and history that reflect the evolution of transportation and American culture. Here are some reasons why people collect gas pumps:
Historical Significance: Gas pumps are symbols of the development of the automobile and the growth of road travel in the 20th century. They represent the early days of motoring, when filling stations were key hubs in every town and along every highway.
Nostalgia and Americana: For many, gas pumps evoke a sense of nostalgia for a bygone era. They are iconic symbols of American pop culture, evoking images of Route 66, classic cars, and small-town service stations. Collecting gas pumps allows enthusiasts to capture a piece of this history and bring it into their own homes or garages.
Artistic and Aesthetic Appeal: Vintage gas pumps feature beautiful designs, from Art Deco and Streamline Moderne styles to bold and colorful enamel signs and globes. They were often adorned with distinctive logos, intricate metalwork, and colorful paint schemes that make them visually striking collectibles.
Investment Potential: Gas pumps, especially those in good condition or with rare branding, have become increasingly valuable in recent years. Collectors often seek out specific models, brands, or styles, driving up demand and prices. Restored gas pumps can sell for thousands of dollars at auctions and shows.
Personal Enjoyment and Display: Many collectors enjoy restoring gas pumps as a hands-on hobby, preserving a piece of history, and displaying them in their homes, garages, or man caves. The process of finding, restoring, and showcasing these pumps provides a deep sense of satisfaction and pride.
There are many types of gas pumps, each with its own unique features and historical context. Here are some of the most popular types among collectors:
Early Visible Gas Pumps (1910s-1920s): Also known as “visible” pumps, these early models feature a glass cylinder on top that allowed customers to see the gasoline being pumped. These pumps were hand-operated and often stood over 10 feet tall. Popular brands include Wayne, Bowser, and Tokheim. They are highly sought after due to their historical significance, unique design, and aesthetic appeal.
Clock Face Pumps (1920s-1930s): The clock face pump features a round, clock-like dial on the front to display the quantity of fuel dispensed. These pumps were popular in the 1920s and 1930s and are appreciated by collectors for their distinctive look. Companies like Gilbarco, Tokheim, and Wayne produced these pumps.
Electric Computing Pumps (1930s-1950s): As technology advanced, gas pumps transitioned to electric models that could compute the price and quantity of fuel automatically. These pumps often feature the Art Deco or Streamline Moderne design styles of the era, with sleek lines, chrome accents, and bold colors. The Wayne 60 and Tokheim 39 are popular models among collectors.
Satellite and Remote Pumps (1950s-1960s): These pumps represent the evolution of gas pump technology and design, featuring more modern, streamlined shapes with bright enamel finishes and plastic panels. They are known for their futuristic designs and advertising features.
Brand-Specific Pumps: Collectors often seek out pumps from specific brands like Texaco, Shell, Mobil, Sinclair, and Esso. Each brand had its own distinctive colors, logos, and designs, making them appealing to collectors who may have a particular affinity for a brand or its history.
Starting a gas pump collection requires a mix of research, patience, and a keen eye for detail. Here’s how to get started:
Determine Your Focus: Decide on a specific area of interest. Do you want to collect pumps from a particular era (e.g., the 1920s or 1950s), type (e.g., visible or clock face), or brand (e.g., Texaco or Shell)? Defining your focus will help guide your search and narrow down your options.
Educate Yourself: Learn about the different types, styles, and manufacturers of gas pumps. Study books, visit websites, and join collector forums and clubs. Understanding the history and unique characteristics of each pump type will help you make informed decisions and avoid costly mistakes.
Know the Value Factors: The value of a gas pump is influenced by several factors, including age, rarity, condition, branding, and completeness. Original pumps in good condition with all parts intact (like globes, handles, and signage) are generally more valuable. Pumps with rare brands or unique features, such as custom colors or logos, can also fetch higher prices.
Start Small and Build Gradually: Begin with more affordable, less rare pieces to gain experience. As you become more knowledgeable, you can invest in higher-value pumps. Remember to prioritize quality and condition over quantity.
Understand Restoration: Restoration is a significant part of gas pump collecting. Some collectors prefer pumps in original, unrestored condition, while others seek fully restored pieces. Learn about the restoration process, costs, and potential impact on the value of a pump before making a purchase.
There are several places where you can find vintage gas pumps for your collection:
Online Auctions and Marketplaces: Collective websites such as those found at the ICA offer an opportunity to find gas pumps to fit your collection. Look for reputable sellers, request detailed photos, and ask questions about the pump’s condition, authenticity, and provenance.
Antique Shops and Shows: Many antique shops and shows specialize in petroliana. Visit local antique shops, flea markets, and dedicated petroliana shows to find gas pumps and related collectibles. These events also offer opportunities to network with other collectors and learn more about the hobby.
Auctions: Auctions, both online and in person, can be excellent sources for collectible gas pumps. Reputable auction houses like Mecum Auctions, Morphy Auctions, and Barrett-Jackson regularly feature gas pumps. Review auction catalogs, research the items, and, if possible, inspect pieces in person before bidding.
Private Sales: Private sales through other collectors, estate sales, or specialized dealers can yield unique opportunities to acquire rare gas pumps. Ensure you verify the authenticity and condition of any pump before purchasing.
Gas Station Memorabilia Shows: Attending shows that specialize in gas station memorabilia and automobilia, such as the annual Chicago Coin-Op & Advertising Show, can be a great way to find gas pumps and network with other collectors.
When considering a purchase always practice due diligence. Once ready to begin your hunt, you can start with ICA Certified Retailers, the ICA Marketplace offered through the International Collectors Association (ICA), enthusiast websites, dealers, auctions, and various events like conventions, shows, and expos. Many of the most reputable resources are located in our resource Directory.
Here are some essential tips for building a valuable and meaningful gas pump collection:
Prioritize Condition and Completeness: The condition of a gas pump greatly affects its value. Look for pumps that are complete with all original parts, such as globes, nozzles, and signage. Avoid pumps with missing parts, heavy rust, or significant damage unless they are exceptionally rare.
Research Before Restoring: If you plan to restore a gas pump, research the proper techniques and materials. Over-restoration or using incorrect colors and finishes can reduce a pump’s value. Use period-accurate materials, paints, and decals to maintain authenticity.
Understand the Market: Keep up-to-date on market trends and prices for different types of gas pumps. Attend shows, auctions, and events to gauge demand and stay informed about what collectors are currently seeking.
Network with Other Collectors: Join collector clubs, forums, and organizations like the Petroleum Collectors Club or the Antique Gas Pump Collectors Network. Networking provides opportunities to learn, trade, and discover new sources for collectible gas pumps.
Document Your Collection: Keep detailed records of each gas pump, including purchase receipts, photographs, dimensions, and any relevant information about its history, manufacturer, and condition. This documentation is essential for insurance, appraisals, and eventual resale.
Display with Care: Display your gas pumps in a controlled environment to prevent rust, fading, and other damage. Avoid direct sunlight, high humidity, and temperature fluctuations. Clean and maintain your pumps regularly to preserve their condition.
Here are some common mistakes to avoid when collecting gas pumps:
Overpaying: Without proper research, it’s easy to overpay for a gas pump. Always compare prices, consult price guides, and seek expert opinions before purchasing, especially for high-value items.
Buying Incomplete or Severely Damaged Pumps: Unless a pump is extremely rare, avoid pieces with missing parts or significant damage. Restoring heavily damaged pumps can be costly and may not add significant value.
Ignoring Authenticity: Be cautious of reproductions and fakes, which are common in the petroliana market. Study the details of genuine pumps, such as logos, materials, and construction techniques, to ensure you’re buying authentic items.
Neglecting Proper Storage and Maintenance: Improper storage and lack of maintenance can lead to rust, fading, and damage. Invest in proper storage solutions and develop a regular maintenance routine to protect your collection.
Collecting gas pumps offers a unique blend of history, nostalgia, and design. It allows you to own and preserve a piece of automotive history while enjoying the thrill of the hunt and the satisfaction of restoring a beautiful, functional piece of art. Each gas pump has a story to tell, from the days of full-service stations to the heyday of classic cars cruising down Route 66.
Collecting gas pumps is more than just a hobby—it's a passion that combines a love for history, design, and Americana. By understanding the different types of gas pumps, knowing where to find them, and learning how to restore and maintain them, you can build a collection that brings history to life and serves as a testament to the enduring appeal of the open road. Enjoy the journey, and happy collecting!
